Akarsh Sanghi, Alex Blania, Christian Brendel, Chris Waclawek, Dan Girshovich, Luis Wenus, Misha Wilcockson, Philipp Sippl, Philipp Strack, Remco Bloemen, Sam Altman, Sandro Herbig, Shravan Nageswaran, Sven Seuken, Shuby Deshpande, Tiago Sada, and the rest of the Worldcoin Team

This content is provided for informational purposes only and should not be relied on as legal, business, investment, or tax advice. The content speaks only as of the date indicated. Any projections, estimates, forecasts, targets and/or opinions expressed in these materials are subject to change without notice. Certain information contained in here may have been obtained from third-party sources. While taken from sources believed to be reliable, Worldcoin has not independently verified such information and makes no representations as to its accuracy.

An Internet for Humans: Proof-of-Personhood Explained

Who Watches the Watchmen? A Review of Subjective Approaches for Sybil-resistance in Proof of Personhood Protocols

Hard Problems in Cryptocurrency: Five Years Later

Digital identification: A key to inclusive growth

Counting the uncounted: 1.1 billion people without IDs

CAPTCHA: Using Hard AI Problems For Security

Using Human Cognitive Limitations to Enable New Systems

Probing the Uniqueness and Randomness of IrisCodes: Results From 200 Billion Iris Pair Comparisons

Roll_up / roll_back snark side chain ~17000 tps

Credible Neutrality As A Guiding Principle

How the Launch Works

Introducing Worldcoin

Why Worldcoin Is Contributing to EIP-4844 development

Privacy-Preserving Proof-of-Personhood Protocol

Iris recognition inference system

The three symbols that make up the Worldcoin logo combine to convey a simple message: the global economy belongs to everyone.

The above content speaks only as of the date indicated. Further, it is subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and so may be incorrect and may change without notice. A full Disclaimer can be found in our Terms of Use.

The story behind the new Worldcoin logo

What is World ID? How is it issued? Is it linked to biometric data? Find the answers to the most common World ID FAQs here.

World ID FAQs

The World App ecosystem is made up of open protocols and APIs combined into a seamless and easy to use app. 

* Worldcoin tokens are not intended to be available to individuals or companies who are residents of, or are located, incorporated or have a registered agent in, the United States or other restricted territories.

Composability on World App:
The protocols powering Worldcoin’s first wallet

Learn how to download and use World App, as well as how to verify your World ID.

How to use World App and verify your World ID

As a first step, World ID will be available on OP Mainnet, followed by World App. 

Worldcoin commits to Optimism’s Superchain vision ahead of mainnet launch

World App is the first Worldcoin wallet, designed to bring digital identity and global finance to everyone.

World App, the first wallet for the Worldcoin ecosystem, is launching today. It’s designed to be friendly, and it supports private digital identity and a new financial system. You can use it to authenticate with World ID to prove you’re a real person, get your Worldcoin tokens and send digital money anywhere.

After extensive development and beta testing in a limited number of countries, we’re excited to share Phase I of World App and to make it globally available for the first time. Over time, it will evolve into a toolkit to empower individuals in the Age of AI, enabling the usage of proof of personhood, the equitable global distribution of digital currencies and ultimately a path to AI-funded UBI.

Worldcoin-app-web-globe-animation.mp4

The first Worldcoin wallet, designed to bring digital identity & global finance to all.

Introducing
World App

The Orb is going on a world tour to help more people sign up for World ID. Find out where to find one.

The Worldcoin Orb is going on tour globally.
Here’s where to find one

When it came to designing the Orb for Worldcoin, the team at TFH had one goal in mind: It must be simple enough to speak to everyone.

Designing the Orb:
The universal value of simplicity

Find out what happened when the Orb made its first visit to the Japanese capital.

Hackathon recap:
The Worldcoin Orb visits Japan

Iris feature extraction with 2D Gabor wavelets

As AI advances, the ability to identify human-created online content is becoming a necessity. That’s where PoP comes in.

Proof of personhood:
What it is and why it’s needed

Worldcoin is coming to ETHGlobal Tokyo, the first in a series of collaborative events with ETHGlobal to take place throughout 2023.

Worldcoin and ETHGlobal:
The road to Tokyo

From their higher entropy to their inclusiveness, privacy-preserving iris biometrics are the key to proving personhood at a global scale.

All about the entropy:
Why irises beat faces and fingerprints for proving personhood

A path to an open and permissionless identity protocol.

The Worldcoin project is initiating an open and permissionless identity protocol called World ID. It empowers individuals to verify their humanness online while maintaining their anonymity through zero-knowledge proofs. Advancements in AI make it difficult to distinguish between AI and humans on the internet, highlighting a need for authentic human recognition and verification. To help address this, individuals can receive a future-proof unique human credential through a secure biometric device in a privacy-preserving manner. Importantly, this enables a path to AI-funded non-state UBI and the equitable global distribution of digital currencies. The project's early contributors have developed initial versions of a hardware device, a mobile client, and a deployment mechanism—all of which will gradually become decentralized. World ID will ultimately enable the protocol to be governed by the people, ensuring that the protocol benefits everyone.

"participants in the study could only distinguish between human or AI text with 50-52% accuracy, about the same random chance as a coin flip."; https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2208839120

https://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/FilteringOutTheBotsUnique2017NetNeutralityComments1024Update.pdf

Facial geometry mapping and audio style transfer facilitate digital impersonation via audio and video deep fakes. Notably, in 2022, Vitali Klitschko, the mayor of Kyiv, was impersonated by a deep fake. The attacker managed to conduct video conferences with several mayors of European capitals for up to 15 minutes. Some of the attacks were only uncovered days after the call. 

Democratic voting (one person one vote), quadratic voting, square root voting or any other weighting that requires the notion of a unique person see https://vitalik.ca/general/2021/08/16/voting3.html. Note that this is unlikely to replace the need to nevertheless prove relationships for certain applications.

Note that this doesn’t prevent users from creating a limited number of alternative accounts. Any platform could still allow several, but limited amounts of accounts to be created.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4105763

Note that the FPR (false positive rate of 1:N comparison against everyone who is enrolled) which can be approximated as N*FMR (false match rate for each individual 1:1 comparison) increases with the number of enrolled individuals. Therefore a false match rate of far beyond one in one billion is required to get to a global scale.

https://www.robots.ox.ac.uk/~az/lectures/est/iris.pdf

Although minor aging effects can be observed, they are negligible and considerably less significant compared to the variability within the image capture process (source). Employing optimized hardware and software can improve image capture consistency.

Humanness
in the Age of AI

Biometric performance at a billion person scale

World ID is a new privacy-first protocol that brings global proof of personhood to the internet.

This content is provided for informational purposes only. It does not constitute a recommendation or solicitation to buy or sell any investment and should not be relied on as legal, business, investment, or tax advice. The content speaks only as of the date indicated. Any projections, estimates, forecasts, targets and/or opinions expressed here reflect an attempt to describe the outcome if Worldcoin’s mission is executed well; but such plans are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions, and so may be incorrect and may change without notice. Certain information here may have been obtained from third-party sources. While such sources are believed to be reliable, the publisher has not independently verified all such information and makes no representations as to its accuracy. More details can be found in our Terms of Use.

Introducing World ID and SDK

Important information about some of the most common myths and misconceptions about the Worldcoin protocol.

Debunking the most common myths about Worldcoin

An introduction to zero-knowledge machine learning (ZKML)

More than 120K people have signed up for Worldcoin in Portugal in advance of the mainnet launch scheduled for H1, 2023.

In Portugal, Worldcoin sign-ups surpass 1% of the population

Take a first look at the decentralization measures underway at Worldcoin in the areas of governance, engineering and operations.

A primer on decentralization at Worldcoin

Privacy at Worldcoin: A Technical Deep Dive - Part I

Worldcoin is an open source protocol, or system, created to help give everyone access to the global economy. Here’s how it works.

What is Worldcoin, and how does it work?

Worldcoin Operators are a vital part of the Worldcoin ecosystem. But what exactly are they, and how can you become one? 

What is a Worldcoin Operator, and how can I become one?

After years of R&D, we’re opening up the Orb to explain how it works and releasing corresponding hardware engineering files.

Explanatory Note: Tools for Humanity (TFH) led the initial research and development of the Worldcoin protocol, including the Orb. This year, prior to the launch of the decentralized network, the non-profit Worldcoin Foundation is taking over responsibility for facilitating participation in, and the continued development of, the protocol. The Worldcoin Foundation will continue to support and grow the Worldcoin community until it becomes self-sufficient, while TFH will support the Foundation, including by manufacturing and shipping Orbs. Currently in beta, Worldcoin expects to launch in the first half of 2023.

Opening the Orb: 
A look inside Worldcoin’s biometric imaging device

The Orb is a biometric imaging device that privately and securely verifies an individual’s unique personhood. Here’s what that means.

Understanding the Orb and why Worldcoin uses biometrics

The first million sign-ups is an important milestone in Worldcoin’s mission to provide universal access to the global economy.

Worldcoin Tokens are not intended to be available to people or companies who are residents of, or are located, incorporated or have a registered agent in, the United States or other restricted territories. More details can be found in our Terms of Use.

Worldcoin has passed 1 million sign-ups.
Here’s what’s next

We believe that privacy is a fundamental human right. Learn about our state of the art privacy protections today and what’s ahead.

Solving for privacy:
Our approach to keeping information safe

Deep dive into all things Worldcoin. Read all about our tech, our progress and what’s still to come.

The Worldcoin Blog

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